Nkhani

Ndi kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso cha chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi komanso kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, mapulojekiti atsopano amagetsi pang'onopang'ono akukhala zinthu zazikulu pamsika wamtsogolo wa transformer. Mapulojekitiwa samangolimbikitsa kusintha kobiriwira kwa makina amagetsi, komanso amapereka chithandizo champhamvu pakumanga netiweki yamagetsi yotetezeka komanso yogwira ntchito bwino. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba wamagetsi obwezerezedwanso monga machitidwe osungira mphamvu zamphepo, dzuwa ndi mphamvu, ma transformer atsopano amagetsi amatha kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wa kaboni ndikuchepetsa kudalira mafuta achikhalidwe, motero amathandizira kukwaniritsa kusagwirizana kwa mpweya wa kaboni padziko lonse lapansi.

Chiŵerengero cha kusintha kwa transformer chimatanthauza chiŵerengero cha mavoteji pakati pa kuzunguliza kwa mavoteji okwera (HV) ndi kuzunguliza kwa mavoteji otsika (LV). Makamaka, chimayimira chiŵerengero cha mavoteji okwera mbali yoyamba (nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mbali ya mavoteji okwera kapena yolowera) ku mavoteji okwera mbali yachiwiri (nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti mbali ya mavoteji otsika kapena otuluka).

Ma transformer amagetsi amphamvu (HV) amapangidwa kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito ma voltage a ≥35 kV (North America) kapena ≥36 kV (Europe), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'ma network otumizira magetsi kuti awonjezere mphamvu ya jenereta yotumizira mtunda wautali komanso ma voltage otsika pa malo osinthira magetsi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ma transformer amagetsi otsika (LV) (≤1 kV) amagwira ntchito yogawa magetsi m'deralo, kutsitsa mphamvu yamagetsi ya gridi kufika pamlingo wogwiritsidwa ntchito pa katundu wa m'nyumba, wamalonda, ndi wa mafakitale. Ma transformer amphamvu ndi omwe amalamulira ntchito za HV (monga, 110–765 kV), pomwe ma transformer ogawa magetsi amayang'ana kwambiri machitidwe a LV (≤33 kV).

Msika wamagetsi wa ku America ukukula kwambiri komanso kusintha kwakukulu, chifukwa cha zomangamanga zakale, kufunikira kwa magetsi komwe kukukwera, komanso kuphatikiza magwero amagetsi obwezerezedwanso. Pansipa pali kusanthula kwatsatanetsatane kwa momwe zinthu zilili pano komanso zomwe zikuchitika mtsogolo.

Transformer yodzazidwa ndi madzi ndi mtundu wa transformer yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati chotetezera kutentha ndi kuziziritsira. Transformer iyi imagwira ntchito posintha mphamvu yosinthira (AC) kuchokera pa mulingo wina wamagetsi kupita ku wina, mwina kuwonjezera (kukwera) kapena kuchepetsa (kutsika) magetsi. Transformeryi imakhala ndi core ya maginito, ma windings, ndi ma bushings, onse omwe ali m'mafuta a transformer, omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusunga magwiridwe antchito a chipangizocho.

Pakatikati ndiye mtima wa magetsi a transformer. Ubwino wake umakhudza mwachindunji kutayika kwa magetsi ndi phokoso la transformer popanda kunyamula katundu.

Chosinthira chosinthira mpweya (rectifier) ​​chopangira haidrojeni ndi "dongosolo lapadera la mtima ndi magetsi" la zida zopangira haidrojeni (electrolyzer). Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusintha mphamvu yamagetsi (AC) ya gridi kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi yolunjika (DC) yokhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yapamwamba komanso mphamvu yotsika yomwe electrolyzer imafuna.

Ili ndi gulu la chitetezo lochokera ku miyezo yopangira magetsi a nyukiliya (monga IEEE Std 323 ku US kapena GB/T 12727 ku China). Limatanthauza zida zamagetsi ndi machitidwe ofunikira kuti agwire ntchito zofunika kwambiri zachitetezo, monga kuzimitsa mwadzidzidzi kwa reactor, kuimitsa kusungidwa kwa containment, kuziziritsa kwa core reactor, komanso kupewa kutulutsa zinthu zowononga ma radiation.

Ndi mtundu wakaleTransformer ya 1000kVAPopeza pakadali pano ikugwira ntchito yolemera pafupifupi 200kW, kodi transformer iyi ingakwaniritse kufunikira kwakukulu ngati tikukonzekera kuwonjezera katundu watsopano wa pafupifupi 600kW? Funso ili makamaka likuzungulira lingaliro lofunikira: ubale ndi kusiyana pakati pa kVA ndi kW.

Ndi kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso cha chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi komanso kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, mapulojekiti atsopano amagetsi pang'onopang'ono akukhala zinthu zazikulu pamsika wamtsogolo wa transformer. Mapulojekitiwa samangolimbikitsa kusintha kobiriwira kwa makina amagetsi, komanso amapereka chithandizo champhamvu pakumanga netiweki yamagetsi yotetezeka komanso yogwira ntchito bwino. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba wamagetsi obwezerezedwanso monga machitidwe osungira mphamvu zamphepo, dzuwa ndi mphamvu, ma transformer atsopano amagetsi amatha kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wa kaboni ndikuchepetsa kudalira mafuta achikhalidwe, motero amathandizira kukwaniritsa kusagwirizana kwa mpweya wa kaboni padziko lonse lapansi.