Ulendo Wautali: Momwe Ma Transformers Amapulumukira Kunyamulidwa ndi Kuyikidwa

Chiyambi

Kwa transformer yaikulu yamagetsi, ulendo wochokera ku fakitale kupita ku substation ndi vuto la uinjiniya lokha. Polemera matani mazana ambiri komanso muli zinthu zamkati zofewa, katunduyu amakumana ndi zoopsa zazikulu panthawi yoyendetsa—zoopsa zomwe, ngati siziyang'aniridwa, zingayambitse kuwonongeka kobisika komanso kulephera msanga. Kumvetsetsa momwe zinthu zimayendera komanso kukhazikitsa transformer ndikofunikira kwa akatswiri ogula zinthu omwe ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti ndalama zawo zikufika bwino komanso zikugwira ntchito moyenera.

Gawo Loyamba: Njira Zoyendera ndi Zoletsa

Ma transformer akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amanyamulidwa ndi ma trailer apadera a pamsewu, sitima, kapena sitima zapamadzi, kutengera mtunda ndi momwe malo angafikire. Pa mayendedwe apamsewu, katunduyo akhoza kukhala wodabwitsa—pulojekiti ina yaposachedwapa inali ndi transformer yolemera mapaundi 800,000 (matani 363) yomwe imasunthidwa usiku ndi magalimoto atatu oyendetsa ndege ndi apolisi asanu ndi mmodzi operekeza, zomwe zimatenga maola asanu ndi limodzi kuti amalize njira yokonzedwa bwino.

Kuletsa liwiro n'kofunika kwambiri. Magalimoto oyendera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi liwiro lapakati pa 40 km/h, osapitirira 60 km/h. Zoletsa zopendekera ndizofunikanso: mzere wautali wa thupi la transformer sayenera kupendekera kupitirira madigiri 15, pomwe mzere waufupi umakhala ndi malire a madigiri 10.

Ma transformer ambiri akuluakulu amanyamulidwa popanda mafuta kuti achepetse kulemera. M'malo mwake, thankiyo imadzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni wouma kuti apewe kuyamwa kwa chinyezi ndikusunga mphamvu yabwino, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 0.01 MPa ndi 0.03 MPa. Kuthamanga kumeneku kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse panthawi yonse yoyenda.

Gawo Lachiwiri: Udindo Wofunika Kwambiri wa Zojambulira Zokhudza Impact

Ma transformer ali ndi zojambulira za impact zomwe zimakhala ndi magawo atatu panthawi yoyendetsa. Zipangizozi zimayesa nthawi zonse kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, ndi kupendekera motsatira ma axes onse, kulemba zochitika ndi nthawi yolondola. Kwa ma transformer omwe ali ndi 31,500 kVA ndi kupitirira apo, zojambulira za impact ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse.

Mlingo wamba wa nkhawa ndi 3 g (kuchulukitsa mphamvu yokoka katatu). Ngati kugunda kolembedwako kupitirira mtengo uwu, kuyang'aniridwa kwamkati ndikofunikira musanagwiritse ntchito transformer. Zojambulira zamakono zimapereka machenjezo nthawi yeniyeni ndi deta ya malo a GPS, zomwe zimathandiza kufufuza mwachangu kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike.

Deta yojambulira ikafika, imawunikidwa pamodzi ndi wopanga, wopereka zoyendera, ndi kasitomala. Cholembedwachi chimagwira ntchito ngati umboni wofunikira kwambiri pa inshuwalansi ndi chitsimikizo cha khalidwe, kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa makina kobisika kuti kusawonekere.

Gawo Lachitatu: Kulandira ndi Kukhazikitsa Malo

Akafika, kuyang'anitsitsa mwadongosolo kumayamba. Ogwira ntchito amafufuza ngati mafuta akutuluka, kuwonongeka kwa ma bushing ndi ma radiator, ndikutsimikizira kuti zikalata zonse—kuphatikizapo malipoti oyesa ndi deta yojambulira zotsatira—zatha.

Kwa ma transformer odzaza nayitrogeni, kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumatsimikiziridwa ntchito isanayambe. Ngati chipangizocho chakhala chikusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa mpweya nthawi zonse kumafunika; miyezo ina imafuna kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya kufufuzidwe tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kukhazikitsa kumatsatira njira yotsatizana bwino. Kwa ma transformer omwe amafunika kuyang'aniridwa mkati (nthawi zambiri omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri kapena omwe akhala akusungidwa kupitirira nthawi yodziwika), zinthu zowongoleredwa ndizofunikira. Chinyezi cha malo chiyenera kukhala pansi pa 75 peresenti, ndipo pakati pawo pasakhale mpweya kwa nthawi yoposa nthawi yodziwika—nthawi zambiri maola 16 mu chinyezi chapakati.

Kukonza vacuum ndikofunikira kwambiri pakudzaza mafuta. Transformer imayikidwa pansi pa vacuum yozama kuti ichotse chinyezi ndi mpweya kuchokera ku chotenthetsera mafuta asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zitha kutenga masiku angapo: chikwama chimodzi cholembedwa chinkafunika masiku atatu ogwiritsira ntchito vacuum kenako masiku awiri odzaza pansi pa vacuum.

Gawo Lachinayi: Kuyesa Kuyambitsa

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, mayeso angapo amatsimikizira momwe transformer ilili:

• Muyeso wotsutsa kutentha (uyenera kukhala osachepera 70 peresenti ya mtengo wa fakitale)
• Miyeso ya kukana kwa DC pa ma windings onse (kusalinganika sikuyenera kupitirira 2 peresenti)
• Kutsimikizira chiŵerengero cha ma turns pamalo onse ogunda
• Kuyesa mafuta a transformer (magetsi owonongeka nthawi zambiri amafunika kupitirira 35 kV)
• Mayeso a mpweya wokwanira, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanikizika kuti awone ngati pali kutuluka kwa mpweya

Mapeto

Ulendo wochokera ku fakitale kupita ku siteshoni yosinthira ndi umodzi mwa nthawi zovuta kwambiri pa moyo wa transformer. Kukonzekera bwino mayendedwe, kuyang'anira bwino momwe zinthu zilili, kuyika mosamala, ndi kuyesa bwino ndikofunikira kuti katundu amene wafika pamalopo akhale wodalirika womwe unachoka ku fakitaleyo. Kwa akatswiri ogula zinthu, kumvetsetsa njira zimenezi kumatanthauza kulemba bwino zinthu, kuwunika bwino kwa ogulitsa, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali wa katunduyo.