Moyo wa Osintha Zinthu: Kuchokera ku Mafuta a Mchere kupita ku Ma Esters Achilengedwe

Chiyambi

Mafuta a transformer nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "magazi" a transformer. Amateteza, kuziziritsa, kuteteza, komanso ngakhale kuzindikira matenda. Kwa zaka zoposa zana, mafuta amchere ochokera ku mafuta akhala chisankho chodziwika bwino. Koma nkhawa zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira pa chilengedwe komanso zofunikira pachitetezo cha moto zapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zina—makamaka, mafuta achilengedwe ochokera ku masamba.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kusintha kwa madzi oteteza transformer ndipo ikufotokoza tanthauzo la kusiyana kumeneku kwa akatswiri ogula zinthu.

Gawo Loyamba: Ntchito Zambiri za Mafuta a Transformer

Kuteteza kutentha.Ntchito yaikulu ndikupereka chitetezo chamagetsi pakati pa zinthu zamoyo. Mphamvu yake yayikulu ya dielectric imaletsa ma short circuits ndi kuwonongeka kwa magetsi.

Kuziziritsa.Mafuta amazungulira kudzera m'mizere ndi pakati, kunyamula kutentha kupita ku ma radiator komwe amafalikira mumlengalenga.

Kuzimitsa Arc.Ngati vuto la mkati lachitika, mafuta amathandiza kuzimitsa mzere womwe umachokera, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mavuto ang'onoang'ono asakule.

Chitetezo.Mafuta amapanga chotchinga pakati pa zigawo zachitsulo ndi mpweya, zomwe zimaletsa dzimbiri.

Kuzindikira matenda.Mafuta amagwira ntchito ngati chonyamulira chidziwitso. Kusanthula mpweya wosungunuka kumayesa mpweya wopangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolakwika, kupereka chenjezo koyambirira la mavuto omwe akukula.

Gawo Lachiwiri: Mafuta a Mchere—Muyezo Wakale Kwambiri

Mafuta a mchere, oyengedwa kuchokera ku mafuta osakonzedwa bwino, amapereka zabwino zitatu zazikulu: kupezeka padziko lonse lapansi, mtengo wotsika, komanso mphamvu yabwino kwambiri ya dielectric.

Komabe, ili ndi zofooka zake. Malo ake oyaka moto ndi otsika kwambiri—pafupifupi 145°C mpaka 160°C—zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo cha moto m'madera okhala anthu ambiri. Imawonongeka pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zambiri 30 peresenti yokha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutayikira kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndipo monga mafuta, singathe kubwezeretsedwanso.

Gawo Lachitatu: Ma Esters Achilengedwe—Njira Yobiriwira

Zochokera ku soya, mbewu za rapeseed, ndi mafuta ena a masamba, ma esters achilengedwe apezeka ngati njira ina yotsogola.

Chitetezo cha Moto.Ma flashpoints amaposa 300°C—kuposa kawiri kuposa mafuta amchere—zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri popangira zinthu m'mizinda ndi m'nyumba.

Kugwirizana kwa Zachilengedwe.Zitha kuwola mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke ndi 97 peresenti kapena kupitirira apo mkati mwa milungu ingapo.

Moyo Wotalikirapo Woteteza.Pepala loviikidwa mu ester yachilengedwe limatha kukhala nthawi yayitali nthawi 2.5 mpaka 5 kuposa mafuta amchere pansi pa kutentha kofanana. Ma ester achilengedwe amamwa madzi ochulukirapo omwe akanawononga pepala ndikupanga mgwirizano woteteza ndi mamolekyulu a cellulose.

Kafukufuku akutsimikizira ubwino uwu. Pa kutentha kwa 100°C kwa nthawi yayitali, ester yachilengedwe idasunga mphamvu yowonjezereka yowononga kuposa mafuta amchere pomwe ikuwonetsa mphamvu yayikulu yolimba komanso kukana kokhazikika.

Gawo Lachinayi: Kupitirira Ma Esters Achilengedwe—Ma Esters Opangidwa ndi Ukadaulo Wotsogola

Pa nyengo yozizira kwambiri komanso magulu amphamvu kwambiri amagetsi, ma esters opangidwa amapereka kukhazikika kwa okosijeni komanso magwiridwe antchito otsika kutentha pomwe amasunga zabwino zachilengedwe.

Gawo laposachedwapa likuphatikizapo nanotechnology. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles imatha kuchepetsa pour point kuchokera -5°C mpaka -32°C, zomwe zimathandiza kuti nyengo yozizira igwiritsidwe ntchito. Ma hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets amathandizira kutentha ndi 40 peresenti. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta iron-copper composite timawonjezera mphamvu yogawa magetsi ndi 32 peresenti. Zosinthazi zikusonyeza tsogolo lomwe ma esters amafanana kapena kupitirira mafuta amchere m'gulu lililonse la magwiridwe antchito.

Gawo Lachisanu: Zoyenera Kuganizira Zosankha kwa Ogula

Malo Ogwiritsira Ntchito.Kwa malo okhala mkati, m'mizinda, kapena m'malo omwe ali ndi vuto la chilengedwe, ma esters achilengedwe amatsimikizira mtengo wawo kudzera mu chitetezo cha moto komanso kuchepetsa udindo.

Nyengo.Ma esters achilengedwe ali ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu kuposa mafuta amchere, zomwe zingakhudze kuzizira m'malo ozizira. Zipangizo zowonjezera zikuchepetsa kusiyana kumeneku.

Mtengo vs. Mtengo wa Moyo.Ma esters achilengedwe amadula mtengo poyamba, koma nthawi yayitali yoteteza kutentha imatha kuchepetsa ndalama zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa umwini kwa zaka zambiri.

Kutsatira Miyezo.IEC 60296 imakhudza mafuta amchere; IEC 62770 imakhudza ma ester achilengedwe. Ogula ayenera kutsimikizira kuti madzi akukwaniritsa zofunikira.

Mapeto

Mafuta a transformer asintha kuchoka pa chinthu chosavuta cha petroleum kukhala madzi opangidwa mwaluso kwambiri. Ma ester achilengedwe tsopano amapereka chitetezo pamoto, kugwirizana ndi chilengedwe, komanso nthawi yayitali yotetezera kutentha yomwe mafuta amchere sangagwirizane nayo. Ma ester opangidwa amapititsa patsogolo malire a magwiridwe antchito. Kwa akatswiri ogula zinthu, kumvetsetsa njira izi ndikofunikira popanga zisankho mwanzeru.