Nkhani

Nthawi imeneyo ikutha. Masiku ano, ma transformer akuphunzira kulankhula. Pokhala ndi masensa, olumikizidwa ku mtambo, komanso oyendetsedwa ndi luntha lochita kupanga, mbadwo watsopano wa ma transformer anzeru amatha kunena za thanzi lawo, kulosera kulephera, ndikukonza magwiridwe antchito a gridi nthawi yeniyeni. Kwa ogwira ntchito pa gridi ndi akatswiri ogula zinthu, kumvetsetsa zinthu zanzeruzi kukukhala kofunikira.

Kukakamira padziko lonse lapansi kwa kuchotsa mpweya woipa m'mafakitale amagetsi kwafika mbali zonse zamakampani amagetsi—kuphatikizapo transformer yocheperako. Kwa zaka zambiri, ukadaulo wa transformer unakhalabe wosasinthasintha: mafuta amchere otetezera kutentha, chitsulo choyang'ana ku tirigu wa ma cores, ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito komwe kunangowonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Mukangodziwa zofunikira zaukadaulo wa transformer yanu, vuto lotsatira ndi kupanga chisankho chabwino chamalonda. Kodi mumayerekeza bwanji ndalama pakati pa ogulitsa osiyanasiyana? Ndi ziphaso ziti zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana mukatumiza kunja? Kodi mumayesa bwanji ngati wopanga angathe kupereka zinthu panthawi yake ndikukwaniritsa zomwe amayembekezera?

Transformer nthawi zambiri imatchedwa kuti ndi ntchito yogwirira ntchito ya gridi yamagetsi. Ilibe ziwalo zosuntha, siifuna kukonza kwambiri, ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito modalirika kwa zaka zambiri. Koma kumbuyo kwa kuphweka kumeneku kuli njira yopangira yomwe yasintha kwambiri m'zaka zana zapitazi.

Imeneyo ndi nthawi yoyamba imene anthu ambiri amachita akamva "ukadaulo wa transformer." Ndipotu, induction ya electromagnetic inapezeka mu 1831. Mtundu woyambira wa transformer yamakono unakhazikitsidwa mu 1885. Ndi nkhani iti yatsopano yomwe chipangizo cha zaka 140 chingakhale nayo?

Pobisika m'malo osungira magetsi kapena pamalo oimikapo magetsi, imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri—kusintha ma voltage kuti ipereke mphamvu yotumizira magetsi kutali—popanda kutchuka kapena kuzindikirika kwenikweni. Unali ntchito yopambana kwambiri: yodalirika, yodziwikiratu, komanso yosaoneka.

Pankhani ya kutumiza mphamvu yamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri, ma transformer a 220kV amachita gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu zimagawidwa bwino. kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutchinjirizaPakati pa ma windings a transformer ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kudalirika kwa transformer, moyo wautali, komanso magwiridwe antchito ake. Monga atsogoleri pamsika muukadaulo wa transformer, timazindikira kuti kapangidwe kabwino kwambiri ka insulation ndikofunikira kwambiri polimbana ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu kwamagetsi, kuphatikizapo ma voltage opitilira kugwira ntchito, mphamvu za mphezindi kusintha kwa mafunde.

Ma transformer apakati (MFTs) ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pamagetsi amakono, zomwe zimathandiza kusintha mphamvu pang'ono komanso kogwira mtima kwambiri pa ntchito monga kuphatikiza mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, kutentha kwa mafakitale, ndi makina ogwirira ntchito. Pazochitika zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimafuna mphamvu ya 96kVA, kukonza ma transformer awa pakugwira ntchito bwino, kasamalidwe ka kutentha, ndi kugwirizanitsa kwamagetsi (EMC) ndikofunikira kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pakugwira ntchito komanso kudalirika. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira yowonjezerera mphamvu ya ma MFT a 96kVA, kuphatikiza luso la zinthu, kuyerekezera kwapamwamba, ndi kukonza kapangidwe kake.

Mu makina amphamvu amphamvu kwambiri, njira yokhazikitsira pansi ya transformer yopanda ma point ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza chitetezo cha makina, kudalirika, komanso kukhazikika. Pa makina amphamvu a 110kV, kusankha njira yokhazikitsira pansi ya neutral kumakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa kutchinjiriza kwa zida, chitetezo cha overvoltage, kasinthidwe ka chitetezo cha relay, ndi kudalirika kwa magetsi. Ku China, makina a 110kV nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yogwiritsira ntchito nthaka yogwira ntchito pang'ono, komwe malo ena osalowererapo a transformer amakhala pansi mwachindunji pomwe ena amakhalabe opanda pansi, cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa mafunde afupiafupi a gawo limodzi pomwe kupewa zoopsa za overvoltage.

Gawo la transformer lamagetsi apakatikati ndi apamwamba, lomwe ndi gawo lachikhalidwe, likukumana ndi chidwi chachikulu komanso kusintha komwe kukuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi komanso kukula kwa makompyuta a AI. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa mwachidule zomwe zikuchitika komanso mawonekedwe am'deralo kuti likupatseni chithunzi chonse.