220kV Transformer Inter-Coil Main Insulation Gap: Kusanthula kwa Magetsi ndi Njira Zowongolera

Chiyambi

Pankhani ya kutumiza mphamvu yamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri, ma transformer a 220kV amachita gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu zimagawidwa bwino. kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutchinjirizaPakati pa ma windings a transformer ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kudalirika kwa transformer, moyo wautali, komanso magwiridwe antchito ake. Monga atsogoleri pamsika muukadaulo wa transformer, timazindikira kuti kapangidwe kabwino kwambiri ka insulation ndikofunikira kwambiri polimbana ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu kwamagetsi, kuphatikizapo ma voltage opitilira kugwira ntchito, mphamvu za mphezindi kusintha kwa mafunde.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira zamakono zowunikira magetsi komanso njira zothandiza zowongolera mipata yayikulu yotetezera magetsi ya 220kV transformer inter-coil. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba woyeserera komanso mfundo zatsopano zopangira, titha kukulitsa kwambiri magwiridwe antchito oteteza magetsi a transformer, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito ikuyenda bwino m'malo ovuta kwambiri.

Zofunikira pa Kuteteza Kwambiri mu Ma Transformer a 220kV

Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutchinjiriza pakati pa ma windings mu ma transformer a 220kV kumagwira ntchito ngati chotchinga chachikulu cha dielectric, kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa magetsi pakati pa ma coil amphamvu kwambiri ndi otsika. Dongosolo lotchinjiriza ili siliyenera kupirira mikhalidwe yokhazikika yogwirira ntchito komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana. zochitika za overvoltagezomwe zimachitika panthawi ya kusokonezeka kwa gridi.

Mu ntchito za 220kV, kusiyana kwa insulation nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la zopinga zambiriyokhala ndi masilinda a bolodi losindikizira kapena zokutira zomwe zimagawa mpata m'mapayipi angapo ang'onoang'ono amafuta. Njira imeneyi imawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu yoyambira kutulutsa pang'ono(PDIV) ndipo imaletsa kupangika kwa mipata yoyendera pakati pa ma windings. Kapangidwe kake kamakhala kotsatira mfundo ya "thin paper tube, small oil gap", pomwe ma barrier pressboard nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makulidwe a 2mm, ndipo mipata ya mafuta pakati pa ma barriers imakhala pakati pa 6-10mm.

Kugawa kwa magetsi mkati mwa mipata iyi sikufanana konse, ndi kupsinjika maganizo kwambirizomwe zimachitika m'mphepete mwa ma conductor, ma conductor bends, ndi ma insulation interfaces. Popanda kukonza bwino kapangidwe kake, madera awa omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri amatha kuyambitsa ntchito zotulutsa pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulation iwonongeke pang'onopang'ono komanso kulephera kugwira ntchito.

Njira Zowunikira Masamba Amagetsi

Kuyerekezera kwa Finite Element Method (FEM)

Kapangidwe kamakono ka zinthu zotetezera kutentha kumadalira kwambiri kusanthula kwa zinthu zomaliza(FEA) kuti mupeze mapu olondola a malo amagetsi. Mwa kugawa mawonekedwe a insulation m'zinthu zikwizikwi zosiyana, FEM imatha kuwerengera kugawa komwe kungathekendi mphamvu yamundamolondola kwambiri. Pa ma transformer a 220kV, kusanthula kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumayang'ana kwambiri madera atatu ofunikira: kutchinjiriza kumapeto kwa pamwamba, gawo lapakati pakati pa zozungulirandi kutchinjiriza kumapeto kwa pansi.

Ma simulation athu akuwonetsa kuti mphamvu zamagetsi zambiri mu ma transformer a 220kV nthawi zambiri zimachitika pa ngodya zamkatiza ma windings amphamvu kwambiri, makamaka pafupi ndi magawo a mzere. Pa nthawi ya mayeso a mphezi (1050kV ya machitidwe a 220kV), madera awa amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zopitilira 8-9kV/mm, zomwe zimafika pamalire a kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zotetezera kutentha.

Kuzindikira Malo Ovuta Kwambiri

Kudzera mu kusanthula kwathunthu kwa magetsi, tapeza madera angapo ofunikira kwambiri omwe amafunika chisamaliro chapadera mu ma transformer a 220kV:

• Madera ozungulira: Makona akuthwa kumapeto ozungulira amapanga kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa malo ogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimafuna njira zapadera zowunikira.
• Kulumikizana pakati pa kutchinjiriza kolimba ndi madzi: Makhalidwe osiyana a dielectric a pressboard ndi mafuta amachititsa kuti field intensity ikule bwino pamalo awo olumikizirana.
• Malo otulukira otsogolera: Malo osinthira kumene ma lead amphamvu kwambiri amatuluka ndi ma windings amapereka magawano ovuta kwambiri omwe amafunikira kusanthula kwa magawo atatu.

Pa ma transformer a 220kV, mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'ma disc oyamba pafupi ndi kumapeto kwa mzere komanso pamalo olumikizirana pakati pa ma disc olumikizana ndi wamba panthawi ya kugwedezeka. Madera awa amafunikira njira zowonjezera zotetezera kuti asawonongeke msanga.

Njira Zowongolera Mipata Yaikulu Yotetezera Kutentha

Kukonza Maonekedwe a Jiyometiki

Kupanga ma elekitirodiikuyimira njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri pakukweza kugawa kwa minda. Mwa kusintha ngodya zakuthwa ndi mbiri zopindikandi kukhazikitsa ma electrode a toroidal, tikhoza kuchepetsa mphamvu zazikulu zamunda ndi 30-40%. Pa ma transformer a 220kV, izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Mphete zokhazikika kumapeto(SER) pa malo ozungulira kuti apange ma gradients osalala.
• Mphete za ngodyandi ma profiles omwe amafanana ndi mizere ya equipotential, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kupsinjika kwa tangential pamalo osindikizira.
• Ma cones opsinjika maganizopa malo ofunikira kwambiri kuti azitha kulamulira kusiyana kwa malo ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magetsi.

Kukonza bwino kwa ma radius a curvature ndikofunikira kwambiri - kuwonjezera ma radius a ngodya ya ma conductors ndi ma static rings kungachepetse kwambiri kulimba kwa ma field (mphamvu ya ma field ∝ 1/radius).

Zipangizo Zotetezera Zapamwamba

Kusankha zinthu kumathandiza kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a insulation. Ma transformer athu a 220kV amagwiritsa ntchito:

• Bolodi losindikizira lamphamvu kwambiriyokhala ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kwa miyeso komanso mphamvu yapamwamba ya dielectric.
• Mapepala okonzedwa bwino ndi kutenthazomwe zimapereka kupirira kwabwino kwambiri kwa kutentha, kusunga mphamvu za dielectric pa kutentha kokwera.
• Zipangizo zowonjezeredwa ndi nanocompositepomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono (SiO₂, Al₂O₃) tomwe timawonjezeredwa ku epoxy kapena mafuta timawonjezera mphamvu ya dielectric ndi 20-30% pomwe timawonjezera mphamvu ya kutentha.

Zipangizo zamakonozi zimathandiza kupanga mapangidwe ochepetsera kutentha pang'ono komanso kusunga kapena kukonza malire odalirika. Mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa njira zochepetsera kutentha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nanocomposite kumatha kukulitsa moyo wa chitetezo ndi 20-30% poyerekeza ndi zipangizo wamba.

Kapangidwe ka Dongosolo Loteteza Kuteteza

Kukonza bwino kapangidwe ka zinthu zotetezera kutentha kumabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu:

• Makina oteteza kutentha m'magawokomwe makulidwe a insulation amasiyana malinga ndi kugawa kwa voltage motsatira kuzungulira.
• Kukonza malo otchingakugwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa FEM kuti mudziwe malo abwino kwambiri osindikizira omwe amachepetsa kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa mafuta.
• Kukula kwa njira yopangira mafutazomwe zimalinganiza zofunikira zamagetsi (mipata yaying'ono ya PDIV yayikulu) ndi zosowa zoziziritsira (kuyenda bwino kwa mafuta).

Pa ma transformer a 220kV, tapeza kuti njira zopindika zolumikizanandi kuchuluka kwa maperesenti opitilira 65-70% kumathandizira kwambiri kugawa kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa ma disc oyamba ndi 50% poyerekeza ndi mapangidwe achikhalidwe.

Phunziro la Nkhani: Kugwira Ntchito Mwabwino mu Transformer ya 220kV

Pulojekiti yathu yaposachedwa yokhudza chosinthira champhamvu cha 220kV chikuwonetsa kugwira ntchito bwino kwa njira zowongolera izi. Kapangidwe koyambirira kanawonetsa kuchuluka kwa magetsi ambiri (mpaka 9.5kV/mm) mumpata waukulu woteteza pakati pa ma windings amphamvu ndi otsika, makamaka pafupi ndi malekezero ozungulira.

Kudzera mu kusanthula kwa FEM kobwerezabwereza pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera (HSSSM), takhazikitsa phukusi lonse lokonzanso:

1. Mphete yosinthidwa yamagetsiyokhala ndi kupindika bwino komanso malo okhazikika.
2. Mphete zina zowonjezerakumapeto ozungulira kuti agawanitse kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zokwawa.
3. Makonzedwe osinthika a zotchingakupanga mipata yaying'ono, yofanana ya mafuta (6-8mm) m'malo mwa mipata yayikulu yoyambirira (12-15mm).

Zotsatira zake zinali zodabwitsa: mphamvu yayikulu ya field yatsika kufika pa 6.2kV/mm (kusintha kwa 35%), ndi kufalikira kwa field kofanana kwambiri mu kapangidwe ka insulation. Transformer yosinthidwayo inapambana bwino mayeso onse achizolowezi ndi a mtundu, kuphatikizapo ma voltage opirira ma frequency a mphamvu (460kV kwa mphindi imodzi) ndi mayeso a lightning impulse (1050kV), ndi magawo otulutsa pang'ono pansi pa 10pC.

Zoganizira Zopangira ndi Ubwino

Ngakhale kapangidwe kake kapamwamba kwambiri sikagwira ntchito popanda njira zoyenera zopangira. Pulogalamu yathu yotsimikizira ubwino wa insulation ya transformer ya 220kV ikuphatikizapo:

• Kuwongolera njira zowerengerapopanga bolodi losindikizira ndi kusonkhanitsa zigawo zake.
• Kuwumitsa vacuum ndi kuyika mafutanjira zomwe zimaonetsetsa kuti chinyezi ndi mpweya wonse zichotsedwa kwathunthu zomwe zingayambitse kutuluka pang'ono.
• Mapu otulutsira pang'onopanthawi yoyesa zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azindikire ndikukonza zolakwika zilizonse zomwe zimapangidwa.

Pa ma transformer a 220kV, timakhazikitsa njira zotsukira kwambiri panthawi yopangira ma winding ndi ntchito zoyika matanki, chifukwa ngakhale zinthu zodetsa zazing'ono kwambiri zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri mphamvu yotetezera kutentha pansi pa magetsi ambiri.

Zochitika Zamtsogolo mu Ukadaulo Woteteza Zinthu

Kusintha kwa insulation ya transformer kumapitilira ndi zinthu zingapo zabwino:

• Ukadaulo wa mapasa a digitokupanga makope enieni a makina otetezera kutentha kuti aziwunika momwe zinthu zikuyendera komanso kukonza zinthu zomwe zanenedwa kale.
• Kuwunika kwapamwamba kwa mkhalidwekugwiritsa ntchito masensa opangidwa ndi fiber optic kuti azitha kutsatira momwe zinthu zimayendera pang'ono komanso malo otentha nthawi yonse yomwe transformer ikugwira ntchito.
• Madzi oteteza ku dzuwa osawononga chilengedwemonga ma esters achilengedwe omwe amapereka malo okwera moto komanso kuyanjana bwino kwa chilengedwe pomwe akusunga magwiridwe antchito a dielectric.

Pa ntchito za 220kV, timakonda kwambiri mapulogalamu ophunzirira makinamu kukonza mapangidwe a insulation, komwe ma algorithm amatha kuwunika mwachangu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapangidwe kuti adziwe momwe zinthu zilili bwino zomwe zimayenderana ndi zinthu zamagetsi, kutentha, komanso zachuma.

Mapeto

Kukonza bwino mipata yayikulu yotetezera kutentha ya transformer ya 220kV pakati pa ma coils kukuyimira vuto laukadaulo lapamwamba lomwe limafuna chidziwitso chakuya cha chiphunzitso cha dielectric, luso lapamwamba loyeserera, ndi ukatswiri wothandiza popanga zinthu. Kudzera mu kusanthula kwathunthu kwamagetsi ndi njira zowongolera zomwe zikuyang'aniridwa, titha kukulitsa kwambiri kudalirika kwa transformer komanso moyo wautali.

Njira yathu ikuwonetsa kuti kapangidwe kake ka kutchinjiriza sikuti kamangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito a dielectric komanso kumathandiza ma transformer ang'onoang'ono komanso otsika mtengo. Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwambazi, timapereka ma transformer omwe amaposa miyezo yamakampani pomwe tikupatsa makasitomala athu kudalirika kwambiri pantchito komanso phindu lonse la umwini.

Pamene ukadaulo ukupitirirabe kusintha, tikudziperekabe kuphatikiza kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa pakupanga zotetezera kutentha, kuonetsetsa kuti makasitomala athu akupindula ndi mayankho odalirika komanso ogwira mtima a transformer omwe alipo pamsika.

Lumikizanani ndi gulu lathu la mainjiniya lerokuti tikambirane momwe ukatswiri wathu wapadera wopanga zotetezera kutentha ungathandizire kuti mapulojekiti anu a transformer a 220kV agwire bwino ntchito komanso kudalirika.