Kodi Mphamvu Yotentha ndi Chiyani?

Mphamvu ya kutentha ndi magetsi opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha madzi kukhala nthunzi yamphamvu, yomwe kenako imazungulira turbine yolumikizidwa ndi jenereta, ndikupanga magetsi.

Chofunika kukumbukira ndichakuti mphamvu ya kutentha imasintha mphamvu ya kutentha (kutentha) kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi.

Kodi Chomera Chamagetsi Chotentha Chimagwira Ntchito Bwanji? (Njira Yoyambira)

Njirayi, yomwe imadziwika kuti Rankine cycle, ingagawidwe m'magawo anayi akuluakulu:

Kupanga Kutentha: Mafuta amatenthedwa mu boiler kuti apange kutentha kwakukulu. Mafuta ofala ndi awa:

Malasha

Gasi Wachilengedwe

Mafuta (Petroli)

Zamoyo (monga matabwa, zinyalala zaulimi)

Kugawanika kwa nyukiliya (maatomu a uraniamu amagawanika, kutulutsa kutentha kwakukulu m'malo mowotcha mafuta)

Kupanga Nthunzi: Kutentha kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwiritsa madzi mu ma boiler akuluakulu, zomwe zimapangitsa nthunzi kukhala ndi mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri.

Kuzungulira kwa Turbine: Nthunzi yamphamvu imakakamizidwa kudzera mu turbine—mizere ingapo yoyikidwa pa shaft. Kupanikizika kwa nthunzi kumapangitsa kuti mizera ndi shaft zizizungulira mofulumira kwambiri.

Kupanga Magetsi: Shaft yozungulira imalumikizidwa ndi jenereta. Mkati mwa jenereta, mphamvu yozungulira (mphamvu yamakina) imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi kudzera mu induction yamagetsi. Kenako magetsi awa amatumizidwa ku gridi yamagetsi.

Pambuyo podutsa mu turbine, nthunzi imaziziritsidwa mu condenser (nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira ochokera mumtsinje, nyanja, kapena nsanja zoziziritsira) kuti ibwererenso kukhala madzi, kuti kayendedwe ka madzi kayambenso.

Magwero a Mphamvu Yotentha

Malo opangira magetsi otentha amagawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi gwero lawo la kutentha:

Ubwino ndi Kuipa

Chofunika Chotengera

Mphamvu ya kutentha ndiyo maziko a magetsi padziko lonse lapansi, kupanga mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha—makamaka kuchokera ku kuyatsa mafuta kapena mphamvu za nyukiliya—kuyendetsa ma turbine. Ngakhale kuti ndi njira yodalirika komanso yotsimikizika, kuwononga kwake chilengedwe, makamaka kuchokera ku mafuta, ndiye vuto lake lalikulu, lomwe likuyendetsa kusintha kwa dziko lonse kupita ku magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso monga dzuwa, mphepo, ndi madzi.