Chosinthira Tap cha Transformer

Chipangizo chowongolera ma voltage cha transformer chimagawidwa mu chipangizo chowongolera ma voltage cha transformer "chosatulutsa mphamvu" ndi chosinthira ma tap cha "on-load".

Zonsezi zimatanthauza njira yowongolera mphamvu ya chosinthira mataipi cha transformer, ndiye kusiyana kwake ndi kotani pakati pa ziwirizi?

① Chosinthira cha "off-excitation" chimasintha pompopompo ya mbali ya transformer kuti isinthe chiŵerengero cha ma turns a winding for voltage regulation pamene mbali zonse ziwiri zoyamba ndi zachiwiri za transformer zachotsedwa ku magetsi.

② Chosinthira cha "Pa-load": Pogwiritsa ntchito chosinthira cha pa-load, pompo ya transformer winding imasinthidwa kuti isinthe ma voltage turns okwera kuti ilamulire magetsi popanda kudula mphamvu yamagetsi.

Kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi ndikuti chosinthira magiya chopanda mphamvu sichingathe kusintha magiya ndi katundu, chifukwa mtundu uwu wa chosinthira magiya umakhala ndi njira yochotsera magiya kwakanthawi kochepa panthawi yosinthira magiya. Kuchotsa mphamvu yamagetsi kudzayambitsa kugwedezeka pakati pa zolumikizira ndikuwononga chosinthira magiya. Chosinthira magiya chomwe chili pa katundu chimakhala ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa kukana panthawi yosinthira magiya, kotero palibe njira yochotsera magiya kwakanthawi kochepa. Mukasintha kuchokera ku giya lina kupita ku lina, palibe njira yochotsera magiya pamene mphamvu yamagetsi yachotsedwa. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma transformer omwe ali ndi zofunikira zamphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.

Popeza chosinthira cha "pa-load" cha transformer chimatha kuzindikira ntchito yolamulira magetsi pansi pa momwe transformer imagwirira ntchito, bwanji kusankha chosinthira cha "off-load" cha tap? Zachidziwikire, chifukwa choyamba ndi mtengo. Pazochitika zachizolowezi, mtengo wa off-load Chosinthira Chosinthira Tap ndi 2/3 ya mtengo wa chosinthira cha tap chomwe chili pa katundu; nthawi yomweyo, voliyumu ya chosinthira cha tap chomwe chili pa katundu ndi yochepa kwambiri chifukwa sichikhala ndi gawo la chosinthira cha tap chomwe chili pa katundu. Chifukwa chake, ngati palibe malamulo kapena zinthu zina, chosinthira cha tap chomwe chili pa katundu chidzasankhidwa.

N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kusankha chosinthira cha pompo chomwe chili ndi mphamvu? Kodi ntchito yake ndi yotani?
① Sinthani kuchuluka kwa magetsi.
Kutumiza mphamvu mu netiweki yogawa magetsi kumabweretsa kutayika, ndipo mtengo wotayika ndi wocheperako pafupi ndi voliyumu yoyesedwa. Kuchita malamulo a voliyumu yoyendetsedwa pa katundu, kusunga voliyumu ya basi ya substation nthawi zonse kukhala yoyenerera, ndikupangitsa zida zamagetsi kuyenda pa voliyumu yoyesedwa kudzachepetsa kutayika, komwe ndi kotsika mtengo komanso koyenera. Kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yoyendetsedwa ndi voliyumu ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za mtundu wa magetsi. Kuwongolera voliyumu yoyendetsedwa pa katundu panthawi yake kumatha kutsimikizira kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yoyendetsedwa, potero kukwaniritsa zosowa za anthu ndi mafakitale ndi ulimi.

② Kukweza mphamvu yobwezera mphamvu yogwira ntchito komanso kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa capacitor.
Monga chipangizo chothandizira mphamvu yogwira ntchito, mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya ma capacitor amphamvu imakhala yofanana ndi sikweya ya voliyumu yogwira ntchito. Voliyumu yogwira ntchito ya dongosolo lamagetsi ikachepa, mphamvu yobwezera imachepa, ndipo voliyumu yogwira ntchito ikawonjezeka, zida zamagetsi zimalipidwa mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti voliyumu yomaliza iwonjezereke, ngakhale kupitirira muyezo, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuwononga kutchinjiriza kwa zidazo ndikuyambitsa
ngozi za zida. Pofuna kupewa mphamvu yobwezera mphamvu kuti isabwerere ku makina amagetsi ndi zida zobwezera mphamvu kuti zisathe kuzimitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke komanso kutayika kwakukulu kwa zida zamagetsi zobwezera mphamvu, chosinthira chachikulu cha transformer chiyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yake kuti chisinthe magetsi a basi kukhala oyenera, kuti pasakhale chifukwa cholepheretsa mphamvu ya capacitor.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji malamulo a voltage pa-load?
Njira zowongolera mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zili pa katundu zimaphatikizapo kulamulira mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi kulamulira mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito manja.

Chofunika kwambiri pa malamulo a voltage yomwe ili pa katundu ndikusintha voltage posintha chiŵerengero cha kusintha kwa mbali ya voltage yapamwamba pomwe voltage yomwe ili kumbali ya voltage yochepa siinasinthe. Tonse tikudziwa kuti mbali ya voltage yapamwamba nthawi zambiri imakhala voltage ya system, ndipo voltage ya system nthawi zambiri imakhala yosasintha. Pamene chiwerengero cha ma turns pa high-voltage side winding chawonjezeka (ndiko kuti, transformation ratio imawonjezeka), voltage yomwe ili kumbali ya voltage yochepa idzachepa; m'malo mwake, pamene chiwerengero cha ma turns pa high-voltage side winding chachepetsedwa (ndiko kuti, transformation ratio imachepa), voltage yomwe ili kumbali ya voltage yochepa idzawonjezeka. Izi ndi izi:

Kukweza ma turn = kutsika kwa volteji = kuchepetsa ma voltage Kuchepetsa ma turn = kukwera kwa volteji = kuwonjezeka kwa volteji
Ndiye, ndi pazochitika ziti pamene transformer singathe kuchita chosinthira pompo chomwe chili ndi katundu?
① Pamene transformer yadzaza kwambiri (kupatula pazochitika zapadera)
② Pamene alamu ya mpweya wopepuka wa chipangizo chowongolera magetsi omwe ali pa katundu yayatsidwa
③ Ngati kukana kwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta kwa chipangizo chowongolera magetsi pa katundu sikuli koyenera kapena ngati palibe mafuta mu chizindikiro cha mafuta
④ Pamene chiwerengero cha malamulo a magetsi chapitirira chiwerengero chomwe chatchulidwa
⑤ Pamene chipangizo chowongolera magetsi sichikuyenda bwino

N’chifukwa chiyani kuchulukira kwa zinthu kumatsekanso chosinthira cha tap chomwe chilipo?
Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti nthawi zonse, panthawi yokonza magetsi pamagetsi ya transformer yayikulu, pamakhala kusiyana kwa magetsi pakati pa cholumikizira chachikulu ndi tap yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa magetsi ozungulira. Chifukwa chake, panthawi yokonza magetsi, choletsa chimalumikizidwa motsatizana kuti chidutse magetsi ozungulira ndi magetsi owonjezera. Choletsa chofananacho chimayenera kupirira magetsi akuluakulu.

Pamene transformer yamagetsi yadzaza kwambiri, mphamvu yogwirira ntchito ya transformer yayikulu imaposa mphamvu yovotera ya chosinthira cha pompo, zomwe zingawotche cholumikizira chothandizira cha chosinthira cha pompo.

Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupewa vuto la chosinthira cha pompo, n'koletsedwa kuchita malamulo okhudza magetsi omwe ali pa katundu pamene transformer yayikulu yadzaza kwambiri. Ngati malamulo okhudza magetsi akakamizidwa, chipangizo chowongolera magetsi omwe ali pa katundu chingazime, mpweya wonyamula katundu ungayatsidwe, ndipo switch yaikulu ya transformer ingagwe.