Chiyambi chachidule cha chosungira transformer

Chosungira mafuta ndi chipangizo chosungira mafuta chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu transformer. Ntchito yake ndikukulitsa mafuta mu thanki yamafuta kutentha kwa mafuta kukakwera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katundu wa transformer. Panthawiyi, mafuta ochulukirapo amalowa mu conservator. M'malo mwake, kutentha kukachepa, mafuta omwe ali mu conservator amalowanso mu thanki yamafuta kuti asinthe mafuta okha, ndiko kuti, conservator imagwira ntchito yosungira mafuta ndikubwezeretsanso mafuta, zomwe zingatsimikizire kuti thanki yamafuta yadzaza ndi mafuta. Nthawi yomweyo, popeza chosungira mafuta chili ndi zida, malo olumikizirana pakati pa transformer ndi mpweya amachepa, ndipo chinyezi, fumbi ndi dothi lamafuta lomwe limatengedwa mumlengalenga limayikidwa mu precipitator pansi pa conservator yamafuta, motero kuchepetsa kwambiri liwiro la kuwonongeka kwa mafuta a transformer.

Kapangidwe ka chosungira mafuta: Thupi lalikulu la chosungira mafuta ndi chidebe chozungulira cholumikizidwa ndi mbale zachitsulo, ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndi pafupifupi 10% ya kuchuluka kwa thanki yamafuta. Chosungira mafuta chimayikidwa mopingasa pamwamba pa thanki yamafuta. Mafuta amkati amalumikizidwa ndi thanki yamafuta osinthira kudzera mu chitoliro cholumikizira cha gasi, kuti mulingo wamafuta ukwere ndikutsika momasuka ndi kusintha kwa kutentha. Munthawi yanthawi zonse, mulingo wotsika kwambiri wamafuta mu chosungira mafuta uyenera kukhala wapamwamba kuposa mpando wokwezedwa wa chivundikiro champhamvu. Pa chivundikiro chokhala ndi kapangidwe kolumikizidwa, mulingo wotsika kwambiri wamafuta mu chosungira mafuta uyenera kukhala wapamwamba kuposa pamwamba pa chivundikiro. Choyezera mafuta chagalasi (kapena choyezera mafuta) chimayikidwa pambali pa chosungira mafuta kuti chiwone kusintha kwa mulingo wamafuta mu chosungira nthawi iliyonse.

Fomu ya chosungira transformer
Pali mitundu itatu ya chosungira transformer: mtundu wa corrugated, mtundu wa capsule ndi mtundu wa diaphragm.
1. Chosungira mafuta cha mtundu wa kapisozi chimalekanitsa mafuta a transformer ndi mlengalenga wakunja wokhala ndi makapisozi a rabara mkati, ndipo chimapatsa mafuta a transformer malo oti kutentha kutukuke komanso kuzizira.

2. Chosungira cha mtundu wa diaphragm chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa mafuta a transformer ndi mlengalenga wakunja ndi mphira wa diaphragm ndikupereka malo oti kutentha kutukuke komanso kuzizira kwa mafuta a transformer.

3. Chosungira mafuta cha corrugated ndi chowonjezera chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi mapepala achitsulo opangidwa ndi corrugated sheet kuti alekanitse mafuta a transformer ndi mlengalenga wakunja ndikupereka malo oti kutentha kutukuke komanso kuzizira kwa mafuta a transformer. Chosungira mafuta cha corrugated chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: chosungira mafuta chamkati ndi chosungira mafuta chakunja. Chosungira mafuta chamkati chimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino koma chochuluka.

Kutseka chosungira transformer
Mtundu woyamba ndi chosungira mafuta chotseguka (chosatsekedwa), momwe mafuta osinthira amalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi mpweya wakunja. Mtundu wachiwiri ndi chosungira mafuta cha capsule, chomwe chachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono chifukwa kapisozi ndi yosavuta kukalamba ndi kusweka ndipo sichigwira ntchito bwino potseka. Mtundu wachitatu ndi chosungira mafuta cha mtundu wa diaphragm, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi zigawo ziwiri za nsalu ya nayiloni yokhala ndi makulidwe a 0.26rallr-0.35raln, yokhala ndi neoprene pakati ndi cyanogen butadiene yokutidwa kunja. Komabe, ili ndi zofunikira zapamwamba pakuyika bwino ndi kukonza, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake sikwabwino, makamaka chifukwa cha kutayikira kwa mafuta ndi ziwalo za rabara zovalidwa, zomwe zimakhudza chitetezo, kudalirika komanso kupanga magetsi mwanzeru. Chifukwa chake, ikuchepetsedwanso pang'onopang'ono. Mtundu wachinayi ndi chosungira mafuta chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotanuka zachitsulo ngati zoperekera mphamvu, zomwe zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mtundu wamafuta akunja ndi mtundu wamafuta amkati. Chosungira mafuta chamkati choyimirira chimagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi okhala ndi corrugated ngati chidebe chamafuta. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta olipidwa, chitoliro chimodzi kapena zingapo zophimbidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika mapaipi amafuta pa chassis motsatizana komanso moyimirira. Chivundikiro cha fumbi chimawonjezedwa kunja. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta ophimbidwa kumalipidwa poyendetsa mapaipi ophimbidwa mmwamba ndi pansi. Mawonekedwe ake amakhala amakona anayi. Chosungira mafuta chakunja chopingasa chimayikidwa mopingasa mu silinda ya chosungira mafuta ndi mivi ngati thumba la mpweya. Mafuta ophimbidwa amakhala pakati pa mbali yakunja ya mivi ndi silinda, ndipo mpweya womwe uli mu mivi umalumikizidwa ndi kunja. Kuchuluka kwa mkati mwa chosungira mafuta kumasinthidwa ndi kukulira ndi kupindika kwa mivi kuti mafuta ophimbidwa azibwezeredwa. Mawonekedwe akunja ndi silinda yopingasa:

1. Chosungira mafuta chotseguka (chosungira) kapena thanki yamafuta yachitsulo ya transformer yokhala ndi mphamvu yochepa yamagetsi ndiye choyambirira kwambiri, ndiko kuti, thanki yamafuta yolumikizidwa ndi mpweya wakunja imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungira mafuta. Chifukwa chosatsekedwa, mafuta oteteza amakhala osavuta kusungunuka ndikukhudzidwa ndi chinyezi. Pambuyo pakugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, mtundu wa mafuta a transformer umapakidwa mpweya, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mpweya mu mafuta a transformer omwe awonongeka kumaposa muyezo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiwopsezo chachikulu pakugwira ntchito kotetezeka, kwachuma komanso kodalirika kwa transformer, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chitetezo cha transformer ndi moyo wamafuta oteteza. Pakadali pano, mtundu uwu wa chosungira mafuta (chosungira) umachotsedwa, chomwe sichipezeka kawirikawiri pamsika, kapena chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma transformer omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa zamagetsi.

2. Chosungira mafuta cha mtundu wa Capsule. Chosungira mafuta cha mtundu wa capsule ndi thumba la capsule la nayiloni losagwira mafuta lomwe limayikidwa mkati mwa chosungira mafuta chachikhalidwe. Chimachotsa mafuta a transformer m'thupi la transformer ku mpweya: kutentha kwa mafuta mu transformer kukakwera ndikutsika, kumapuma. Pamene kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumasintha, pamakhala malo okwanira: mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi yakuti mpweya womwe uli mu thumba la capsule umalumikizidwa ndi mlengalenga kudzera mu chubu chopumira ndi chonyowetsa chinyezi. Pansi pa thumba la capsule pali pafupi ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta a chosungira mafuta. Pamene kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumasintha, thumba la capsule lidzakulanso kapena kupsinjika: chifukwa thumba la rabara lingasweke chifukwa cha mavuto azinthu, mpweya ndi madzi zidzalowa mu mafuta ndikulowa mu thanki ya mafuta a transformer, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azichuluka mu mafuta. Kugwira ntchito kwa chotenthetsera kumachepa ndipo kutayika kwa dielectric ya mafuta kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimathandizira kukalamba kwa mafuta otenthetsera: chifukwa chake, tinthu ta rabara la silicone la transformer liyenera kusinthidwa. Pamene vuto loyeretsa lili lalikulu, chosinthiracho chimayenera kukakamizidwa kusefa mafuta kapena kudula mphamvu kuti chisamalire.

3. Chosungira mafuta chodzipatula Chosungira mafuta chotchedwa diaphragm chimathetsa mavuto ena amtundu wa kapisozi, koma vuto la mtundu wa zinthu za rabara ndi lovuta kuthetsa, kotero kuti mavuto a khalidwe angachitike pogwira ntchito, zomwe zimaika pachiwopsezo pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa Zosinthira Mphamvu. 4 ukadaulo womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chosungira mafuta chosindikizidwa chachitsulo (mafuta amkati) ndi wokhwima, Kukulitsa ndi kukulitsa kwa ukadaulo wa elastic element - sheet metal expander wa transformer, womwe wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu dongosolo lamagetsi kwa zaka zoposa 20, ndikudzazanso chinthu chosinthika ndi mafuta a transformer ndikulola pakati pake kufutukuka ndikuchepa mmwamba ndi pansi kuti mulipire kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Chosungira mafuta chamkati ndi maziko awiri ozungulira (1 cr18nigti) opangidwa ndi chitoliro chotulutsa utsi cha vacuum, chitoliro cholowetsa mafuta, chizindikiro cha mulingo wamafuta, chitoliro cholumikizira chosinthasintha ndi phazi la kabati. Chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokana dzimbiri mumlengalenga komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri, chomwe chingakwaniritse moyo wa maulendo opitilira 20000 ozungulira. Pakati pake pamasuntha mmwamba ndi pansi ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa mafuta a transformer ndipo chimathandizira zokha kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta a transformer.

(1) Chotsukira mpweya choteteza kupanikizika chimayikidwa mkati mwa pakatikati pa thunthu, zomwe zingachedwetse kukhudzidwa kwa kabati yosungiramo mafuta chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta mu transformer. Pamene malire a pakati afika, thunthu la pakati lidzasweka, ndipo thupi la transformer lidzatetezedwa ndi kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, motero kuwonjezera kudalirika kwa ntchito ya transformer. Ntchitoyi siipezeka m'malo ena osungira mafuta.

(2) Pakati pa thunthu pamakhala ndi pakati pa thunthu limodzi kapena angapo, ndipo pali chivundikiro choteteza kunja. Kunja kwa pakati pa thunthu kumalumikizidwa ndi mlengalenga, komwe kumachotsa kutentha bwino komanso mpweya wabwino, kumatha kufulumizitsa kuyenda kwa mafuta a transformer, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mafuta mu transformer, ndikuwonjezera kudalirika kwa ntchito ya transformer.

(3) Chizindikiro cha mulingo wa mafuta ndi chimodzimodzi ndi chowonjezera chitsulo cha transformer. Pamene pakati pawo pakukula ndi kupindika, bolodi lozindikiritsa limakwera kapena kugwa pamodzi ndi pakati pawo. Kuzindikira kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo kusintha kwa mulingo wa mafuta kumatha kuwoneka kudzera pawindo lowonera lomwe layikidwa pa chivundikiro chakunja choteteza, chomwe chili chosavuta komanso chodalirika. Chipangizo chochenjeza ndi chosinthira chowunikira mulingo wa mafuta zimayikidwa pa mulingo wakunja woteteza, womwe ungakwaniritse zosowa za ntchito yosayang'aniridwa.

(4) Palibe vuto la mafuta abodza: ​​mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zosungira mafuta zomwe zikugwira ntchito sizingathe kutulutsa mpweya wonse, zomwe zingayambitse mafuta abodza. Kachiwiri, ukadaulowu uli ndi mphamvu zambiri chifukwa chakuti pakati pa chinthucho pali telescoping mmwamba ndi pansi. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mbale yachitsulo yolinganiza pakati pa chinthucho, yomwe imapanga mphamvu ya micro positive, kotero kuti mpweya womwe uli pakati pa chinthucho ukhoza kuchotsedwa bwino mpaka mpweya utachotsedwa kwathunthu ndikufikira pamlingo wofunikira wa mafuta, motero kuchotsa mafuta abodza.

(5) Thanki yamafuta yosinthira mafuta yomwe ili ndi chosinthira cha chitsulo chosungunuka siyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chosinthira cha chitsulo chosungunuka ngati gawo lofunika la transformer. Pakugwira ntchito kwake, imafunika kusintha magetsi nthawi zonse malinga ndi momwe katunduyo alili. Kachiwiri, chifukwa arc idzapangidwa nthawi yosinthira ndipo mpweya wina udzapangidwa, womwe umachepetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chowonjezera cha chitsulo chosungunuka bwino, chomwe sichingathandize kutulutsa mpweya wopangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta, ndikofunikira kutumiza anthu kumaloko kuti azitulutsa mpweya pafupipafupi. Wopanga kapena wogwiritsa ntchito salimbikitsa kuti chosungira mafuta chaching'ono chokhala ndi chosinthira cha chitsulo chosungunuka bwino chigwiritse ntchito chowonjezera cha chitsulo chosungunuka bwino: